![]() The skull features numerous foramina through which pass the cranial nerves, the spinal cord, arteries, and veins. The temporomandibular joint connects the lower jaw to the temporal bone and enables movement for speech and mastication. The viscerocranium consists of the unpaired mandible and vomer and the paired zygomatic bones, inferior nasal conchae, lacrimal bones, nasal bones, maxillary bones, and palatine bones. The fontanelles, which comprise the anterior, posterior, and the paired mastoid and sphenoid fontanelles, close between the age of 2 months and 18 months. The bones of the infant neurocranium are not fused but are instead connected by membranous gaps between the bone plates called fontanelles, which enable flexion of the skull to facilitate passage through the birth canal and accommodate the rapidly growing brain. The cranial bones are connected by fibrous joints called sutures. The neurocranium consists of the frontal, the ethmoid, the sphenoid, the occipital, and the paired temporal and parietal bones. The cavities also act as resonance chambers that enhance vocal (and singing) quality.įigure 1.The right lateral view and anterior view of the skull's bonesįigure 2.The human skull consists of approximately 30 bones, which can be anatomically divided into the cranial bones ( neurocranium) and the facial bones ( viscerocranium). The cavities secrete mucus that drains into the nasal cavity. Sinuses (paranasal sinuses) are mucus‐lined cavities inside cranial and facial bones that surround the nasal cavity.Air entering the cavity is warmed and cleansed by mucus lining the cavity. ![]() The sutures lock the edges of the skull bones together, like. The nasal cavity is formed by cartilage and several bones. In adults, all but one of the skull bones are fused together by immovable joints called sutures.Various synonyms have been used to describe this entity, such as malum senile biparietal, biparietal thinness, and biparietal osteodystrophy. ![]() These fossae, called the anterior, middle, and posterior cranial fossae, provide spaces that accommodate the shape of the brain. Definition/Background Progressive parietal bone thinning is an entity that has been known since the 18th century.
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